Oil Change – More than You Wanted to Know
Engine Oil
Most cars on the road today use multi-grade oil — one that can work efficiently in cold and hot weather. A multi-grade oil is rated by two numbers, such as 5W-30.
About the oil classification system.
Each engine oil comes with a classification indicating its viscosity, which is its friction or resistance to flow. In a multi-grade oil, the first number indicates how the oil will flow when it is cold. The lower the number, the lighter the oil and the better it will perform at lower temperatures. The second number indicates the thickness of that same oil at high temperatures. For example, a 5W-30 oil will flow as a 5-weight oil at zero degrees Fahrenheit and as a 30-weight oil at 210 degrees Fahrenheit
Why viscosity is a concern.
When starting up a cold engine, only a small amount of oil is present in its upper parts. To lessen the friction in upper engine parts, such as the valve train, pistons, overhead cam and cam bearings, scrub against each other, a lower viscosity allows the oil to reach the components more quickly.
Why 5W-30 and 5W-20 oils are so popular.
Many vehicles today leave the factory with 5W-30 or 5w-20 engine oil. Vehicle manufacturers recommend them because they are lighter oils that perform well in a range of temperatures and help improve gas mileage.
Synthetic Oils
Not all motor engine oils are 100% petroleum. Synthetic oils, which are primarily chemically compounded lubricants, are also available. They can provide:
- Higher viscosity stability over a wider temperature range
- Reduced oil thickening
- Reduced wear and increased load-carrying ability.
Which oil is right for your car?
The simplest and safest way to find out is to check your owner’s manual…or talk to your O’niell’s mechanic.
Oil Filters
Oil filters are designed to trap foreign particles suspended in the oil and prevent them from getting to the engine bearings and other parts.
Fluids
Your vehicle relies on a variety of fluids to operate its brake, steering, transmission, engine cooling and other systems. When these fluids become degraded or are at incorrect levels, damage to other components may occur…so always follow the manufacturer-recommended service schedule.
Automatic Transmission Fluid
This is typically an oil-based fluid used in a transmission that lubricates and cools the transmission and provides hydraulic pressure to shift gears automatically.
Brake Fluid
This is the hydraulic fluid used to transmit pressure through the brake lines in a brake system providing stopping power and protecting hydraulic brake components from internal corrosion.
Coolant/Antifreeze
This is the mixture of water and antifreeze used in an engine cooling system to dissipate heat and maintain the engine’s temperature throughout its operating range.
Starting & Charging
The battery starts your car, powers onboard computers, and supplies emergency power needs. A weakened battery causes stress on alternators and starters, especially during extreme temperatures. Let O’niell’s test and inspect your battery regularly.
Air Filters
Clean air filters can increase engine performance, boost fuel mileage, and reduce engine wear. Cabin air filters can minimize airborne contaminants in the passenger compartment and improve heating/cooling efficiency.
